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Are nicotine pouches safer than chewing, smoking or vaping? Published June 1, twitter facebook. Published June 1, The remainder regularly used two or more pouches simultaneously. The mean duration of use was Therefore, the duration of use was similar for the two types of product.
The average duration of use per day was approximately 12—13 hr for loose and pouched snus. This figure is consistent with the Swedish report that states that daily usage for the average snuff dipper is 11—14 hr ENSP, and with previously reported daily usage of The number of females in this study was low, but in line with the relative frequency of snus use in the Swedish population Statistics Sweden [English] Living Conditions, Nevertheless, there appeared to be gender differences in snus use.
For example, the females in this study had a preference for pouched over loose snus and tended to use Mini pouches. There was no reported concurrent use with cigars, pipes, or chewing tobacco in the female survey population. Females consumed a significantly lower amount of pouched snus per day 8. Also, compared with all males, the usage time per pouch and per day for females was shorter on average: 47 min per pouch versus 70 min for all males and 7.
In summary, this survey has provided new insights into contemporary consumer behavior and usage patterns for loose and portioned snus in Sweden, such as the marked difference in daily consumption between loose and pouched snus, the length of time that snus users typically keep pouches in the mouth, differential patterns of use in males and females, and the observation of simultaneous use of multiple pouches in a small proportion of the population.
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Sign In. Advanced Search. Search Menu. Article Navigation. Close mobile search navigation Article Navigation. Volume Article Contents Abstract. Declaration of Interests. Supplementary material. Patterns and behaviors of snus consumption in Sweden. Helena Digard , Helena Digard. Oxford Academic.
Graham Errington. Audrey Richter. Kevin McAdam. Select Format Select format. Permissions Icon Permissions. Abstract Introduction:. This study relied on self-reported information which may be subject to a degree of inaccuracy due to imprecise reporting of regular habits or, for instance, an inability of loose snus users to report typical weights for their tobacco portions. From the survey data, two methods were available to estimate daily consumption. The first approach was to question the respondents about the number of packages e.
Package weights and portion sizes for pouched snus brands were identified for each of the main brands reported by the respondents. The daily consumption grams per day was then calculated for both types of snus as follows:. The second approach was to question the respondents on the identity of the main brand they used and the number of pouches or portions of loose snus taken per day. Loose snus users were also asked to estimate the number of portions they take from a package of loose snus.
Table 1. Age and gender distribution of snus users. Open in new tab. Table 2. Daily consumption. Table 3. Length of time snus is normally kept in the mouth during use. Table 4. Total time of daily snus use.
Oral mucosal changes and nicotine disposition in users of Swedish smokeless tobacco products: A comparative study. Google Scholar Crossref. Search ADS. European Network for Smoking Prevention. The effect of smokeless tobacco snus on smoking and public health in Sweden.
Statistics Sweden English Living Conditions. All rights reserved. Download all slides. Supplementary data. Comments 0. Add comment Close comment form modal. I agree to the terms and conditions. You must accept the terms and conditions.
The daily nicotine uptake was ca 25 mg in this group of snus users, who consumed 16 one-gram pinches of portion-packed snus per day. The same level was found in a group of habitual cigarette smokers, who smoked 18 cigarettes per day Andersson et al.
The daily nicotine uptake decreased to 14 mg. The same level was obtained in another group of snus users, who had been using the low nicotine snus for more than one year Andersson et al. These results show that snus users do not compensate their nicotine uptake upon switching to a snus with lower nicotine content. A different method to measure the nicotine dose is to monitor the blood plasma levels during one day of controlled tobacco consumption snus use or smoking and then compare the nicotine uptake curves with the corresponding curve for a reference product with a known nicotine dose.
Using this method, the nicotine dose from four different portion-packed snus products of various weight and format, different nicotine content and different pH levels was compared in a controlled cross-over study with the dose from a 2 mg nicotine chewing gum Lunell et al. The results showed that the dose from a 0. The dose from a 0. The five blood plasma time concentration curves obtained on consumption of the four different snus brands and a 2 mg nicotine chewing gum are illustrated in the Figure below.
Involvement of nicotine and its metabolites in the pathology of smoking-related diseases: Facts and hypothesis. In: P. Clarke, M. Quik, F. Thurau Eds. Andersson, G. Oral mucosal changes and nicotine disposition in users of Swedish smokeless tobacco products: A comparative study.
Oral Pathol. Reduction in nicotine intake and oral mucosal changes among users of Swedish oral moist snuff after switching to a low-nicotine product. The influence of cigarette consumption and smoking machine yields of tar and nicotine on the nicotine uptake and oral mucosal lesions in smokers. Benowitz, N. III, and Yu, L. Daily use of smokeless tobacco: systemic effects. Gilljam, H. Smokeless tobacco cessation with NRT: A feasibility study.
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