During this time, lines were also added to demarcate boundaries where the ball can land. As tennis gained popularity with the royalty, they encouraged their courts to also play the game, helping to spread its popularity beyond royal families and into the nobility.
By the 17th century, tennis courts began to appear more regularly in cities Figure 2. London at this time had at least 14 courts. The game by now had spread through most of Europe.
However, rising Puritanism in the mid to late 17th century began to diminish the game's appeal in England. In France, during the French Revolution, some began to see tennis as a sport for royalty and should not be played. Although tennis may have somewhat declined during the 18th century, we do now learn more about it. During this time, depictions of nets are now more evident, indicating it had become a standard part of the game.
The basic appearance of tennis, with the use of racquets and nets, had now solidified, although many variations existed in how the game was played. The next major phase of development occurred in the 19th century when tennis was now able to spread to the masses. During this time, both clay courts and lawn tennis emerged as features of the game. In Victorian Britain, tennis was now seen as a virtuous sport, encouraging its spread in the upper classes. The British Empire now began to also spread the sport to its Asian and other colonies as it was deemed to be a civilized game.
At home, the game was seen to be an activity for ladies and gentlemen. Rules were still not standardized by the midth century. Games sometimes featured two against one player or three players on one side, while court dimensions varied, including hourglass-shaped courts.
One important development was by Charles Goodyear, who developed material for tennis balls that gave them a much greater bounce. This helped to make lawn tennis and other surfaces more amenable to the game.
The popularity of the sport led to the creation of clubs and the most significant club to adopt the game was the All England Club in Wimbledon, London. In the s, croquet had become a popular sport in the United Kingdom and the development of lawn tennis made the game suitable in croquet fields. The All England club originally set aside one field for tennis but soon it was tennis that became the more popular sport among the two sports the club supported.
By the s, croquet was dropped and the height of the tennis net was standardized now for games in Wimbledon's rule book. In addition to men singles matches, Wimbledon started promoting Ladies' Singles and Gentlemen's Doubles competitions from , and Mixed Doubles events from Today, Wimbledon is considered to be the world's premier tennis tournament in the world. The famous Davis Cup tennis tournament was originally devised in by four members of the Harvard University tennis team who wished to test the capabilities of British players.
By the time of the first official Davis Cup match in that pitted Britain and the United States, this tournament already started to gain popularity. Several years later, Davis cup attracted national teams from several more European teams, with Australia and New Zealand joining in From that point on, the tournament gained worldwide recognition, spitting into several sections Eastern, American and two European zones to better handle increasing number of national teams, the format of competition switched to knockout elimination in , and its modern tiered system of competition that is still in use today was devised in Neatly trimmed short grass on top of very hard packed soil layer is the most popular tennis surface type , but sadly they are today not the most commonly found one.
High maintenance and time commitment needed to keep them in top shape have pushed many courts to switch to clay or other types of surfaces. Grass offers the fastest movement , but the differences in grass density determine how the ball will bounce off. Negative points of grass courts are that they have to be regularly trimmed and kept in good condition without the appearance of wear and tear after prolonged plays. Since the bounces of the grass are low, this surface usually leads to faster and more energetic plays that are best suited to the players who favor the serve-and-volley type of play.
Clay is the most popular tennis court surface in Europe and Latin America. Between the 16th and 18th centuries the game of the palm was highly regarded by kings and nobleman.
The French players would begin the palm game by shouting the word "Tenez" Play! The palm game soon came to be called "real tennis" or "royal". Tennis is still an indoor game played by royal and rich benefactors. Played on hour-glass courts on Manor House lawns by rich English people. This is really where today's tennis developed.
Wingfield deals Sphairistike in boxes that feature two net posts, a net, rackets, and India rubber balls, plus instructions about laying out the court and actually playing the game. Marylebone Cricket Club followed suit. Marylebone Cricket Club made significant changes to the game. They added Deuce, Advantage, and 2 chances per serve. Select personalised ads. Apply market research to generate audience insights.
Measure content performance. Develop and improve products. List of Partners vendors. Share Flipboard Email. Mary Bellis. Inventions Expert. Mary Bellis covered inventions and inventors for ThoughtCo for 18 years. She is known for her independent films and documentaries, including one about Alexander Graham Bell.
Updated August 09, Featured Video. Cite this Article Format. Bellis, Mary. Who Invented Tennis?
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